•Niacinamide (10%): Known for improving skin clarity and balance, it also enhances skin smoothness. citeturn0search1
•Tranexamic Acid (4%): Assists in brightening the skin and balancing skin tone. citeturn0search1
•Arbutin (2%): A gentle ingredient that supports skin clarity and radiance. citeturn0search6
•Hyaluronic Acid: Provides hydration, helping to maintain the skin's natural moisture barrier. citeturn0search7
•Ceramides: Aid in restoring the skin barrier, preventing moisture loss. citeturn0search7